Rehabilitation Of People With Disabilities Health And Social Care Essay

reformation Of People With Disabilities health And friendly Cargon EssayWorld Health Organization has defined damage as an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Actu al togethery disabilities muster up from the limitations and restrictions of the environment. It is a gap between a mortals capabilities and the demands of the environment. Therefore, the severity of ones dis skill generally depends on the quality of the surrounding environment that one extends. For example, a person with hearing impairment would not be that disabled any to a greater achievement if he got an audiphones. The recovery and reformation of disabilities not only need cleverness improvement of disabled individuals, but similarly calls for the efforts of the environment.Definition of Health and Health to the DisabledIn 1948, the WHO defines health as a state of stop carnal, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In 1986, the WHO redefines health as a resource or public life, not the objective of living. Health is a supportive concept emphasize social and personal resources, as well as corporal capacities.For pile with disabilities, the former definition of health seemed unreachable beca workout they derrierenot achieve such a complete physical, mental and social well-being state and disease or infirmity is unavoidable in their belongs. So, can disabled people live on healthily? The second definition gave us a validatory answer. We can build well being for people with disabilities by building resources. woodland of life includes both objective and subjective dimensions, subjective one is proved to be more forceful in enabling disabilities. As a social worker, when we work on rehabilitation of this special social group, we should not use our standard of Health to demand them, which is unfair and infeasible. refilling of psychological RehabilitationRehabilitationIn dictio naries, rehabilitation is described as the comeback to a disabled individual of maximum independence commensurate with his limitations by developing his residual capacity. When talking about rehabilitation, people al slipway concentre on many a(prenominal) practical aspects such as medical, education, vocation, housing, expatriation, etc and many efforts subscribe been made on these aspects. However, the psychological part remains to be a problem which affects lives of disabled people and their families all the beat.Objectives of Rehabilitation and Psychological RehabilitationThe vision of World Health Organization Six-year Plan on baulk and Rehabilitation2006-2011is All persons with disabilities live in dignity, with equal rights and opportunities. Similarly, purpose of UN expression on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is To promote, protect and ensure the bountiful and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities, an d to promote respect for their inbuilt dignity. The Social Welfare Department of Hong Kong SAR Government described the objective of Rehabilitation Services as to acknowledge the equal rights of people with disabilities to be full members of the community by assisting them in developing their physical, mental and social capabilities to the fullest practicable extent and by promoting their integration into the community.Under achieve these goals, the objectives of psychological rehabilitation is to help the disabled people reconcile with their hurt and loss, rebuild confidence, reenter the community, and live with positive attitudes and dignity.Needs and Characteristics of Disabled PeopleNeed of Compensation beneficial like an ordinary person, most needs of disabled people are quite common such as family, education, occupation, marriage, friendship and so on. Besides, on that point is a distinct need existing in people with disabilities-the earnings need, both physiologically and psychologically.Dr. Alfred Adler studied The psychic compensation of inferior organs and pointed out that when there is a disease or defect in a particular organ of the body, the functions of approximately other organs result be enhanced to compensate for the lacking functionality. Accordingly, when a person realizes his physical disability, he needs such compensation otherwise to make him a normal individual. This compensation psychology can be either positive or banish.Psychosocial Adjustment TrajectoryThere are four stages in the process of psychosocial adjustment. During each stage relapse could happen from time to time because of environmental or individual factors.Gradually increasing in tangledness of port. The process of identity reconstruction and self reorganization unfolds.Stable biweekly attractors in pre-disability life gradually shift to periodic or queer attractors. Chaotic, unpredictable life experiences emerge, which follow highly irregular patterns.Chaotic and complex conditions gradually give way to self reorganization under bunch of a series of new life experiences. More intricately adaptational cognitive and behavioral patterns begin to form.New and adaptive patterns of self-organization and behavior gradually emerge, resulting in restoration of psychic balance and increased word meaning to life reconstruction.Different Psychosocial Adaption and its Negative CharacteristicsLivneh and Antonak stated that people with congenital and acquired disabilities differed psychologically in a significant way.The psychosocial adaptation of people with congenital disabilities involves a)growing up with an impaired body, b)building body image, ego, and self-identity and c)parental and social issues of dealing permanently with a disability.On the other hand, despite all the issues mentioned above, acquired disabilities are, a)finding their sense of self suddenly and dramatically challenged or altered, b)facing significant changes in social and familial relationships and life roles, while, c)dealing concurrently with psychological distress, physical pain, prolonged medical treatment, d)gradually increasing interference in or restriction of the performance of daily activities.In those processes mentioned above, possible negative psychosocial characteristics are produced and most common ones among them are low self-esteem, low self-efficacy/confidence, depression, anxiety, introversion, neuroticism, and continuing pain.Some Techniques for Psychological Rehabilitation of People with DisabilitiesThere are many handling techniques for social, medical and vocational rehabilitation for the disabled such as family therapy, community-based counseling and so on. People with disabilities are often in privation of assessing their past, being cognizant of and involved in the present, and seeking new ways to actualize their desire and wishes, so group and individual therapies are call for to promote self awareness, confidence, exp ression, communication and understanding of ones life.expressive Art TherapyExpressive art therapy uses a variety of verbal and nonverbal techniques for therapeutic intervention and self growth. Through art process, individuals can gradually get aware of his conscious and unconscious impressions, conflicts, feelings and passions. People can heal through use of imagination and the various forms of creative expression like painting, dancing, singing and so on. Expressive art therapy is extremely suitable for disability rehabilitation because it is tractile in time, place, and population. Some disabled people are unable to speak, some cannot express their feelings. This therapy gives them a chance to share, discover and develop their understanding of their lives. In addition, living with disability required creativity. Learning to work with limitations was inherent in the creative process as well as learning to live with disability. They can realize their full potential by creating a rt works, which also enhance self esteem and self efficacy.cognitive Behavioral TherapyCognitive behavioral theory suggests that thoughts and emotions are best understood in the consideration of behaviors associated with cognition or cognitive processes as well as the extent to which individuals adaption and respond to different stimuli and make self-judgements. Cognition, behavior and emotion are coordinated to each other and cognition plays a vital role in emotional outcomes.To assist disabled clients to gain self awareness and self acceptance and to replace their beliefs and behaviors, we can help them identify their impaired beliefs and thought patterns. For instance, people with disabilities often thought themselves as useless, isolated and troublesome. If we replace those dysfunctional cognitions with functional self-statements and reconstruct some positive cognitions, emotions and behaviors will be greatly improved.Body-Mind-Sprit TechniqueBody-mind-spirit technique is an indigenous psychological rehabilitation technique which brings together Western body-mind technique and insights from easterly schools of thoughts (Especially Buddhism, Daoism, Confucianism and Traditional Chinese Medicine). Body stands for physical fitness Mind means emotion management Spirit refers to phantasmal exercise. It emphasizes interconnections and interactions between body, mind and spirit, not only stressing cultivation of strength and snappy character, but also paying attention to life education and spirituality. Eastern elements like meditation, mindfulness, yoga and massage, plus good living habits such has close to nature, right-hand(a) sports, healthy diet, disabled clients are expected a)to discover the potential ability and quality inside oneself and to cultivate self-confidence b) to review and reconstruct all important(p) relations c)to seek more opportunities and alternatives d) to accept and sublimate impairment and trauma e) to clarify correct life meanin g and to build a positive life attitude, and f)to learn to admire and care about themselves.Limitationsreduplicative reduplicativeReduplicative work later a disabled person talking with a therapist or a social worker, he may feel much better. moreover when he gets out of the room, when he encounters any restrictions in environment the neighboring second, the progress they made just now crumbles to dust. That means the psychological rehabilitation may take a long time and involve a great amount of repeated work. So we should prepare ourselves for long-term strategies and frustrations. leave out of professionalsSince the number of people with disabilities is huge and keeps growing every year in Hong Kong, professionals for psychological rehabilitation of disabilities are in great need. Although medical, vocational, housing and transportation cares are being given by the government, organizations, communities, corporations and schools, we are expecting more policies, institutions and professionals, to modify these disabled.